The exact mechanism of how this can be detected would advance the state of the art in text understanding. Theoretically, we know that sentiment detection is related to problem-solving activity, because of the perception that “bad” situations are transformed into “better” ones via problem-solving. This holds true both from a theoretical and a practical viewpoint. It would be attractive to detect problem and solution statements automatically in text. Reproduced with permission from Hoey ( 2001) This continues in a cyclic fashion until the Problem is finally resolved by Goldilocks giving a particular Response a positive Evaluation of baby bear’s porridge (“it’s just right”).Įxample of problem-solving pattern when applied to the Goldilocks story. Her first Response is to try the porridge in big bear’s bowl, but she gives this a negative Evaluation (“too hot!”) and so the pattern returns to the Problem. A Problem in encountered when Goldilocks becomes hungry. Goldilocks is lost in the woods), which is called the Situation in Hoey’s system. In this text, there is a preamble providing the setting of the story (i.e. In Hoey’s pattern, the Situation (which is generally treated as optional) provides background information the Problem describes an issue which requires attention the Response provides a way to deal with the issue, and the Evaluation assesses how effective the response is.Īn example of this pattern in the context of the Goldilocks story can be seen in Fig. This seems to describe the situation in science better, where evaluation is mandatory for research solutions to be accepted by the community. Hoey changes Winter’s pattern by introducing the concept of Response in place of Solution (Hoey 2001). The difference is that in Winter’s view, a solution only becomes a solution after it has been evaluated positively. This is very similar to the pattern described by Van Dijk ( 1980), which consists of Introduction-Theory, Problem-Experiment-Comment and Conclusion. Winter analysed thousands of examples of technical texts, and noted that these texts can largely be described in terms of a four-part pattern consisting of Situation, Problem, Solution and Evaluation. One of the best-documented problem-solving patterns was established by Winter ( 1968). There is general agreement amongst theorists that state that the nature of the research process can be viewed as a problem-solving activity (Strübing 2007 Van Dijk 1980 Hutchins 1977 Grimes 1975). Jordan ( 1980) argues that we all share knowledge of the thought/action problem-solution process involved in real life, and so our writings will often reflect this order. Many studies on formalising the cognitive process behind problem-solving exist, for instance (Chandrasekaran 1983). Problem solving is generally regarded as the most important cognitive activity in everyday and professional contexts (Jonassen 2000).
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |